Environmental Engineering
V. Babenko; V. Sidorov; Y. Koniaieva; L. Kysliuk
Abstract
This article discusses the prospects for the development of the implementation of scientific and technical cooperation. On the example of international cooperation between Ukraine and Chile, there are approaches to improving the procedure for developing cooperation priorities. The current state of these ...
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This article discusses the prospects for the development of the implementation of scientific and technical cooperation. On the example of international cooperation between Ukraine and Chile, there are approaches to improving the procedure for developing cooperation priorities. The current state of these relations does not reflect real trends in the development of international economic relations in the vector of strengthening the scientific and technical component. Based on the analysis of analytical materials, one of the priority areas of the joint development of scientific and technical issues may be the use of non-traditional renewable energy technologies. Both in Ukraine and in Chile there are objective factors (natural, resource, socio-economic, environmental-technological) for their development. For Ukraine, it is interesting the experience of the scientific and production implementation of these technologies and the organizational and economic support of these priorities in the context of state and regional policy. All these aspects, including through the exchange of intellectual products, will make it possible to increase the effectiveness of support policies, the innovative susceptibility of subjects of production and business activities of Ukraine and the corresponding development of producers and consumers' motivation to non-conventional renewable energy technology.
Environmental Engineering
P. Saxena; S. Sonwani
Abstract
The indoor air quality is much more matter of concern as relative to ambient or outdoor air quality, especially in the context of human health. However, very few studies have been reported for remediation of indoor ozone by plant species. The main objective of this study is to evaluate ozone deposition ...
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The indoor air quality is much more matter of concern as relative to ambient or outdoor air quality, especially in the context of human health. However, very few studies have been reported for remediation of indoor ozone by plant species. The main objective of this study is to evaluate ozone deposition velocities and ozone removal effectiveness of three indoor ornamental plant species (Dracaena deremensis, Tagetes erecta and Lilium candidum) that can be used in the remediation of indoor ozone. Ozone deposition velocity was estimated through measurement of leaf surface areas of selected plant species and exposing them to 3-regular daytime cycles where ozone concentrations under controlled conditions first increased from 8 h followed by 16 h in the absence of ozone. Values of ozone deposition velocity after the completion of first exposure were found maximum (7.7 m/h) in case of Dracaena deremensis and minimum (0.5 m/h) after the completion third exposure in Lilium candidum. The ozone removal effectiveness found in the range of 0.7 to 13% for leaf surface area to room volume ratio of 0.06/m with reference to an air exchange system and background loss present in an indoor environment. Among the selected plant species, Dracaena deremensis has got the highest ozone deposition velocity as well as ozone removal effectiveness and Lilium candidum has got the lowest values. Hence, this study concludes with the sustainable use of ornamental plant species in the remediation of the indoor ozone pollution, which can further help in improving the health condition of the residents.
Environmental Management
D. Wielgórka; W. Szczepaniak
Abstract
Eco-innovation is any innovation that leads to sustainable development by limiting the negative impact of production activities on the environment, increasing the resilience of nature to loads or ensuring greater efficiency and responsibility in the use of natural resources. Eco-innovations are the opportunity ...
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Eco-innovation is any innovation that leads to sustainable development by limiting the negative impact of production activities on the environment, increasing the resilience of nature to loads or ensuring greater efficiency and responsibility in the use of natural resources. Eco-innovations are the opportunity for enterprises. Their introduction contributes to reducing the costs of doing business, allows you to take advantage of new opportunities development and positively affects the company's image. The main goal of the research is to recognize the situation and the level of eco-innovation in Poland, including the micro, small and medium enterprises sector and to compare the obtained results with the ones from European Union countries. The result of the research is indicating the barriers and opportunities to support the development of eco-innovation in the micro, small and medium enterprises sector in Poland. Lack of financial resources for eco-innovation was indicated as the largest barrier by MSMEs in Poland. The most significant barriers to eco-innovation in Poland are mainly of an economic nature, including the high cost of implementation, difficult access to capital, uncertain return on investment and the weak system of economic and fiscal incentives encouraging eco-innovation.
Environmental Management
T.T. Tran; Y.M.T. Nguyen; L.T. Pham; B.K. Veettil; S.N. Hoang; Q.X. Ngo
Abstract
The Lo Go-Xa Mat is a national park in the southeastern region of Vietnam, which has a particularly high biodiversity and it includes different wetlands which are unique diverse in species composition. It can be categorized into two types: temporarily-seasonally and permanently flooded wetlands. Ta Not ...
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The Lo Go-Xa Mat is a national park in the southeastern region of Vietnam, which has a particularly high biodiversity and it includes different wetlands which are unique diverse in species composition. It can be categorized into two types: temporarily-seasonally and permanently flooded wetlands. Ta Not grassy marsh is representative of the seasonally flooded wetland. Whilst the diversity and ecology of plants and mammals are well documented, little or no information of the benthic ecology in the seasonally flooded wetland exist. This study aims to provide a new database of the nematode’s structure in the seasonally flooded wetland and its relation with environmental variables as well as detection of the ecological quality, considering nematodes as bioindicators. This work is the first investigation on nematodes communities in associate with some environmental variables in the Ta Not grassy marsh. The results showed that free-living nematodes in the Ta Not seasonally flooded grassy marsh are characterized by the high density (ranged from 235.01 to 898.43 inds.10cm-2) but rather low diversity. More specifically, the genus richness (S) ranged from 8.20 to 8.60. The observed Margalef’s species richness (d) was ranging from 1.07 to 1.53 and the Shannon-Wiener index (H') was measured from 2.36 to 2.52. In addition, the Pielou's evenness (J′) ranged from 0.55 to 0.68 and the Hill indices indicated average values ranging between 5.46- 5.84 for N1, between 4.32-4.60 for N2, and between 2.64-2.86 for Ninf. Specifically, our results indicated that deep level, pH, and NH4+ showed a significant correlation with the nematode density and bio-indices. The sediment of the Ta Not grassy marsh was assessed as in good conditions in all stations based on the Maturity Index of nematodes.
Environmental Management
A. Mesjasz-Lech
Abstract
The markets globalization is one of the factors creating conditions for the development of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship does not have one generally accepted definition. Most often, entrepreneurship is perceived as the ability to increase the number of enterprises. Entrepreneurship can be understood ...
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The markets globalization is one of the factors creating conditions for the development of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship does not have one generally accepted definition. Most often, entrepreneurship is perceived as the ability to increase the number of enterprises. Entrepreneurship can be understood as the potential to identify and use development opportunities regardless of own resources. Entrepreneurship is therefore associated with such areas as new organizational forms, stimulation of innovation and cooperation with the entrepreneurial environment. Unfortunately, enterprises face many difficulties which can have the supply and demand nature. These difficulties hinder the enterprise functioning on the market and its development. Logistics performance perceived as the implementation of the highest quality of logistics standards allows overcoming the difficulties of entrepreneurship, especially for the transport and storage sector. For this reason, the article aims to determine the relationship between logistics performance and the entrepreneurship rate for selected European Union countries. Logistics performance was determined by a synthetic measure of development estimated using numerical taxonomy methods for variables forming the Logistics Performance Index. The same method was used to build the entrepreneurship rate, accepting as variables selected entrepreneurship indicators for the transport and storage sector. The correlation analysis was performed with the use of the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The years 2014-2016 were analyzed. The availability and completeness of data dictated the choice of years, countries and indicators for analysis.
Environmental Science
E. Budianto; S.H. Astuti
Abstract
Nifedipine is a hypertension drug must be consumed three times a day due to its low oral bioavailability. One way of developing a controlled drug delivery system is making nifedipine microcapsules by using environmentally friendly polymers of polylactic acid and polycaprolactone via the evaporation method ...
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Nifedipine is a hypertension drug must be consumed three times a day due to its low oral bioavailability. One way of developing a controlled drug delivery system is making nifedipine microcapsules by using environmentally friendly polymers of polylactic acid and polycaprolactone via the evaporation method using oil-in-water solvents. Polylactic acid and polycaprolactone can be said to be environmentally friendly polymers, because they can be degraded naturally in nature both in the biotic, and abiotic environment, or microorganism. In this study, polylactic acid, Polycaprolactone, and nifedipine were dissolved in dichloromethane solvent; then, an emulsifier was added for the emulsification stage. After passing through the dispersion stage for the process of compaction of the microcapsules by solvent evaporation, the microcapsules were filtered. Microcapsules were characterized using particle size analysis, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The drug release percentage was determined by dissolving microcapsules for 55 hours using a buffer at the potential of hydrogen 1.2 and pH 7.4 as dissolution media. In this study, all variations in the composition of polyblend resulted in a percent efficiency of encapsulation ranging from 78.82%-89.84%, and percent release ranging from 6.80%-39.07%. The composition of 100% polylactic acid produces the highest percent encapsulation efficiency of 89.84% but produces the lowest percentage of drug release at 6.80%. The best composition obtained was polylactic acid: polycaprolactone 1:9 (weight per weight), with a percent release of 39.07% and percent encapsulation of 78.82%. Microcapsule solids produced are approximately 96%. Particle Size of microcapsule ranges at 0.5 μM.
Environmental Management
M. Voynarenko; A. Kholodenko
Abstract
In this study criterion of maximum profit intensity for transportation problems, in contrast to the known criteria of minimum expenses or minimum time for transportation, is considered. This criterion synthesizes financial and time factors and has real economic sense. According to the purpose of this ...
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In this study criterion of maximum profit intensity for transportation problems, in contrast to the known criteria of minimum expenses or minimum time for transportation, is considered. This criterion synthesizes financial and time factors and has real economic sense. According to the purpose of this paper, the algorithm of the solution of such a transportation problem is constructed. It is shown that the choice is carried out among Pareto-optimal options. Moreover, the factor of time becomes defining for the high income from transportation, and the factor of expenses – at low ones. Not absolute but relative changes of numerator and denominator become important when the criterion represents the fraction (in this case – the profit intensity as the ratio of profit to time). A nonlinear generalization of such transportation problem is proposed and the scheme of its solution in a nonlinear case is outlined. Graphic illustrations of Pareto-optimal and optimal solutions of transportation problem by profit intensity criterion are also given.
Environmental Engineering
P. Gholamiderami; P. Lahooti; H. Darbam
Abstract
The aim of this study was to produce mulch by combining natural mineral and organic substances in order to reach soil stabilization and improve soil physical and mechanical properties in Koopal area. The effects of organic mulch (at 3 levels of O1: combination of 1% sugarcane bagasse biochar+0.5% gum ...
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The aim of this study was to produce mulch by combining natural mineral and organic substances in order to reach soil stabilization and improve soil physical and mechanical properties in Koopal area. The effects of organic mulch (at 3 levels of O1: combination of 1% sugarcane bagasse biochar+0.5% gum Arabic+0.5% gelatin; O2: combination of 3% sugarcane bagasse biochar+1% gum Arabic+1% gelatin; and O3: combination of 5% sugarcane bagasse biochar+1.5% gum Arabic+ 1.5% gelatin) and MNF organomineral mulch (at 3 levels of MNF1: 1%; MNF2: 3%; and MNF3: 5%) on soil were investigated. The soil samples were incubated for 2 and 4 months and finally placed in a wind tunnel. Some physical and chemical properties of soil were obtained as pH=7.42, O.M%=0.223, and soil texture of silty loam. The obtained results showed that compared to control, application of the mulches increased soil organic carbon percentage (1.1%), mean weight diameter (2.47 mm), geometric mean diameter (1.27 mm), penetration resistance (370), shear strength (27.38) and tensile strength (0.8) significantly and decreased soil loss (0.10 g/m2/s), fracture index, soil texture index (62.16), and crust index (1.18) significantly (p <0.01) in both incubation periods. Effects of the mulches on soil organic carbon were reduced after 4 months. In mulch treatments, soil loss rate, mean weight diameter, geometric mean diameter and tensile strength were increased significantly. In general, the organic mulch could stabilize the soil and improve the physical and mechanical properties of the soil.
Environmental Management
P. Hrytsiuk; T. Babych; O. Mandziuk
Abstract
Grain production is one of the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex main branches. An indicator of the grain production efficiency is its profitability. It is characterized by significant annual fluctuations that induce risk. Redistribution of existing grain crops areas taking into consideration their profitability ...
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Grain production is one of the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex main branches. An indicator of the grain production efficiency is its profitability. It is characterized by significant annual fluctuations that induce risk. Redistribution of existing grain crops areas taking into consideration their profitability can bring to increase of production efficiency. The paper observes Markowitz’s optimal portfolio theory appliance to grain branch. The central aim of this work is the development and justification of a new technique of sown areas portfolio risk evaluating. In this study, the annual profitability of four cereal crops cultivated in the Rivne region: wheat, barley, corn, and oats, have been analyzed. It is shown that the profitability of the cereals is not normally distributed. Under these conditions, the portfolio variance loses part of its informativity and can not serve as a good risk measure. It has been determined that the profitability of crops with good precision follows Laplace distribution (double exponential distribution). The analytical expression for Value-at-Risk measures has been obtained using the Laplace distribution function. Numerical risk assessments performed. Using a modified Markowitz model and obtained risk estimates the efficient frontiers of cereal sown areas portfolios in the Rivne region were constructed. Obtained results allow indicating ways for optimization the region grain industry structure.
Environmental Engineering
S. Gautam; G. Saini
Abstract
Industrial effluents are a menace to the environment and the fact that their characteristics vary from industry-to-industry only adds to the complex challenge they offer to the engineers and scientists. Resource-efficient and environment-friendly solutions to this hazard are a call of the hour. Coagulation, ...
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Industrial effluents are a menace to the environment and the fact that their characteristics vary from industry-to-industry only adds to the complex challenge they offer to the engineers and scientists. Resource-efficient and environment-friendly solutions to this hazard are a call of the hour. Coagulation, by synthetic chemicals, has been used as a cost-effective and efficient method for managing the effluents generated by a large number of industries. However, the synthetic chemicals themselves are a cause of concern due to their non-native nature, non-degradability, and health conditions associated with their left-over residues. Natural coagulants offer a cost-effective, environment-friendly, and sustainable alternative to the application of synthetic chemicals. Such natural coagulants, despite their demonstrated effectiveness in treating the industrial wastewaters, have their own limitations and are yet to be investigated for large-scale applications. The current work presents a state-of-the-art review of the natural coagulants' application in treating industrial wastewaters and their relative advantages and disadvantages as compared to the chemical coagulants. Future research areas have also been identified that may ultimately lead to the large-scale commercial application of natural coagulants and will result in an environment-friendly and sustainable solution to the problems created by industrial effluents and synthetic chemical coagulants.
Environmental Science
M. Stępień
Abstract
The problem taken up in the study is the management of the company in terms of costs incurred on the implementation of the concept of sustainable development. The problem is important and topical in view of the possibility of increasing the efficiency of management in companies organizing their activities ...
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The problem taken up in the study is the management of the company in terms of costs incurred on the implementation of the concept of sustainable development. The problem is important and topical in view of the possibility of increasing the efficiency of management in companies organizing their activities in the perspective of sustainable development. As a consequence of the formulated research problem, the aim of the study was to recognize and assess the relationship between the currently binding provisions of the balance sheet law in Poland, in the area of costs incurred for sustainable development, and the social, economic and environmental strategy to be implemented. All the presented deliberations are divided into two main parts, theoretical and empirical. The considerations presented in part one characterize the elements of cost management in a company in the context of sustainable development. The second part is a presentation of the results of empirical research on the determinants of sustainable development cost management in a manufacturing company. The study contributes to the discussion on the identification, allocation, and presentation of costs related to the implementation of the sustainable development strategy in the company. Conclusions from the conducted research suggest the necessity of separating analytical tools in the accounting structure of the company in order to identify and allocate costs related to the construction of the sustainable development strategy. This makes it possible to assess the extent to which the company's sustainability concept has been achieved. The research methods used to achieve the objective are literature studies, descriptive analysis, and case studies.
Environmental Management
N. Shibaeva; T. Baban; V. Prokhorova; O. Karlova; O. Girzheva; M. Krutko
Abstract
Ukrainian agriculture creates 12-14% of GDP. Ensuring the conditions for sustainable economic development implies the use of adequate mechanisms for regulating economic processes by the government. In the process of formation and implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism of regulatory ...
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Ukrainian agriculture creates 12-14% of GDP. Ensuring the conditions for sustainable economic development implies the use of adequate mechanisms for regulating economic processes by the government. In the process of formation and implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism of regulatory policy, a system of indicators plays an important role in assessing the impact of such policy on the participants, monitoring and, in case of the deviation from planned results, adjusting regulatory measures. This research analyzes and systematizes the indicators that determine the organizational and economic mechanism of regulatory policy effectiveness in agriculture. The systematization of indicators to evaluate the organizational and economic mechanism of regulatory policy effectiveness in agriculture has allowed substantiating the methodological principles of its integrated assessment. Application of the proposed methodological approach to assessing the organizational and economic mechanism of regulatory policy effectiveness in agriculture in Ukraine was performed during 2010, 2016-2017 period. It revealed slow progress in the organizational and economic mechanism of regulatory policy efficiency during the investigated period. This result is primarily attributed to the lack of purposeful, systematic change management, the lack of mid-term planning, the strictness of most programs, imperfect financial instruments of the organizational and economic mechanism, and procedures for application.
Environmental Management
V. Babenko; I. Perevozova; O. Mandych; T. Kvyatko; O. Maliy; I. Mykolenko
Abstract
The level of information today is decisive in the socio-economic development of the country. The purpose of the article is to identify the most influential factors in the process of developing informatization in the context of international globalization. The assessment of factors influencing world information ...
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The level of information today is decisive in the socio-economic development of the country. The purpose of the article is to identify the most influential factors in the process of developing informatization in the context of international globalization. The assessment of factors influencing world information is based on the following stages: forming incoming information about the state of world information, a methodical approach to assessing the impact of world information, modeling the interrelation of components, the influence of world information as hidden factors in the development of information. Factor and correlation analyses are carried out within each cluster with a single level of information by groups of countries. Based on the calculation of factor loads, the most influential indicators have been determined, which serve as the basis for the formation of the informatization process mechanism in the countries of each cluster group. Accordingly, for example, from Innovations and Improvement Factors the major ones were only for the second cluster: Government efficiency and Efficiency of goods market and for the third cluster was the Global Competitiveness Index. The study allowed to determine the main priorities for the development of information in the context of clusters, formed in accordance with the level of information development in the country of each group. Interpretation of the results allowed determining the most influential factors in the development of informatization of the countries of each group, which is the basis for forming recommendations on organizational measures to increase the level of informatization in the context of international globalization.
Environmental Management
P. Tomski; E. Wysłocka
Abstract
The way of perceiving the environment is the factor informing on the condition of the environment and its impact on the operation of enterprises whereas the impact on the operation is the factor determining how enterprises operate in realities where there is no place for atomized actions of isolated ...
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The way of perceiving the environment is the factor informing on the condition of the environment and its impact on the operation of enterprises whereas the impact on the operation is the factor determining how enterprises operate in realities where there is no place for atomized actions of isolated enterprises and the impact of the environment and relationships with its constituents and all forms of inter-organizational and interpersonal relationships are of increasingly critical importance. The objective of the study is to analyze the perception of the environment in which modern small enterprises operate. The study question relating to this problem was formulated as follows: 1) what is the perception of the environment by the entrepreneurs representing small enterprises? 2) Is the environment of small enterprises perceived as unfriendly (dynamically changing, hostile, heterogeneous) by them? The research tool was the questionnaire. The statistical analyses were conducted using the R Package. While summing up the results of the conducted research, it should be concluded that, in most studies in the field of management of modern enterprises, a frequent observation is defining the environment as turbulent or ultrafast. The perception of the entrepreneurs under research indicates, however, a slightly different, more lenient approach to the environment. Although they were not directly asked about the level of turbulence of the environment, the obtained results, maintaining the characteristics of the environment in the middle of the scales (dynamism, hostility, heterogeneity) indicate that this environment is not perceived in a drastic and pessimistic manner.
Environmental Management
K. Trostianska; I. Semencha; M. Yerina
Abstract
The local community is a complex socio-economic system, and its ability to function for an indefinitely long period of time (viability) is not investigated sufficiently today. The purpose of the research was, using the cognitive mapping, propose to the local community management developing their own ...
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The local community is a complex socio-economic system, and its ability to function for an indefinitely long period of time (viability) is not investigated sufficiently today. The purpose of the research was, using the cognitive mapping, propose to the local community management developing their own management strategies to ensure its viability. Considering the weakly structured subject area of resource management for the viability of the local community and the complex dynamic nature of socio-economic processes, fuzzy cognitive reflection was suggested as a tool that provides opportunities for modeling the inherent complexity and uncertainty associated with socio-economic systems. This research shows a system of relations between concepts in the form of a causative network – a cognitive map of the resource management of a local community and proposes scales for measuring the concepts. During the simulation experiments, managed, indirectly managed and unmanaged resources for the viability of a local community were defined. In modeling, own income per inhabitant has been chosen as the target concept and as an indicator of the potential of an independent choice of direction for the development of the local community with the view toward the construction of resource management scenarios for the local community's viability. As a result of the simulation, there were proposed some strategies for the growth of ‘own income per inhabitant’ and some recommendations were given for building management scenarios within these strategies.
Environmental Management
N. Davidenko; H. Skrypnyk; Z. Titenko; O.V. Zhovnirenko
Abstract
The purpose of the article is the establishment of the tightness of the connection between the various sources of financing and the introduction of innovations at enterprises. In the process of research such scientific methods have been used: modeling – to determine the influence of the source ...
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The purpose of the article is the establishment of the tightness of the connection between the various sources of financing and the introduction of innovations at enterprises. In the process of research such scientific methods have been used: modeling – to determine the influence of the source of funding for innovation activities, on the number of new technological processes introduced and the introduction of new types of products; economic-statistical – to evaluate the dynamics of the amount of realized innovative products and the index of the efficiency of innovation costs; correlation-regression analysis – to determine the relationship density and the relationship between factors of influence and performance indicators; abstract-logical – for the implementation of theoretical and methodological generalizations. The results of the research – analyzed the connection of the indexes of dynamics of sources of financing of innovation activity and the amount of implemented new technological processes and development of new types of products for 2011-2017. The influence of the most significant sources of financing on the amount of innovations is described. Further development of methodological and practical aspects of the dependence of the amount of implemented innovative products and the index of the efficiency of innovation costs, using multiple regression models, has been found for the establishment of the influence of system-based economic indexes. The practical significance of the obtained results is to determine the optimal level of financial support for innovation activity of enterprises, which will allow predicting the growth of innovative processes in the country in the short and medium term.
Environmental Management
Z. Ostraszewska; A. Tylec
Abstract
Innovativeness, determining the development potential of enterprises and economies, and hence the economic welfare of societies, became an important area of interest for both theoreticians and especially economic life practitioners. Thus, in this study of the subject there can be found numerous definitions ...
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Innovativeness, determining the development potential of enterprises and economies, and hence the economic welfare of societies, became an important area of interest for both theoreticians and especially economic life practitioners. Thus, in this study of the subject there can be found numerous definitions and types of innovation, including environmental innovation, being a response to the demands of a modern economy, related to the need of combining innovativeness with care for the environment. The observed increase of interest in the idea of sustainable development, and often some kind of reorientation of enterprises towards the eco-innovative strategy, are associated with the perception of the eco-innovation as both a necessity and a chance for promotion and development. Despite this, only less than 1/3 of the countries belonging to the EU can be considered as innovative and eco-innovative at the same time. Poland still does not belong to these countries - on the map of the EU innovation Poland ranks among the so-called moderate innovators (with the SII index of 0.27 in 2017, while the EU index was 0.504). With the Eco-IS score equal to 59 the level of eco-innovativeness of the Polish economy is much below the EU average (Eco-IS = 100) – in 2017 Poland obtained 26th place out of 28 European Union countries. Given the above, this paper outlines the nature of eco-innovativeness with particular focus on the results recorded by Poland in this regard in comparison to the European Union.
Environmental Management
O. Panukhnyk; N. Popadynets; Y. Fedotova
Abstract
The present study investigates the socio-economic nature of the issue of food provision in the consumer market of Ukraine. It is entity content and main macroeconomic functions oriented at production, sales, and consumption of food, undertaken by the state to maintain the ongoing process of social reproduction ...
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The present study investigates the socio-economic nature of the issue of food provision in the consumer market of Ukraine. It is entity content and main macroeconomic functions oriented at production, sales, and consumption of food, undertaken by the state to maintain the ongoing process of social reproduction and security guaranteeing in the country. It is hypothesized that the change in income of the population, Consumer Price Index, total expenditures of households on food and agricultural production per capita have the largest influence on food provision of the consumer market in the country. Based on the system approach the authors suggest their understanding of the factor determinants grouped by certain features, which influence the condition of food provision of the consumer market in the country. Application of factor grouping method contributed to the identification of parameters that show the links of economic factors and the condition of food provision. Correlation-regression analysis allowed revealing and assessing the dependence of the level of main food products’ consumption in the country on the major groups of factor determinants. The assessment of standardized regression coefficients contributed to determining the input of each suggested factor in the condition of food provision of the consumer market. The strong interrelation between socio-economic factors and the volumes of consumption of main food groups by the Ukrainian population, in particular, vegetable and animal products, is found. The results of the conducted analysis confirm that the condition of food provision at consumer market depends on how efficient the mechanisms of macro- and microeconomic regulation of trade and food policy of Ukraine are.
Environmental Management
H. Danylchuk; N. Chebanova; N. Reznik; Y. Vitkovskyi
Abstract
The current study focuses on the problem of determining investment attrаctiveness of countries by means of monitoring regional stock markets. The method of using the permutation entropy as a model of investment attractiveness estimation is suggested. We have calculated the permutation entropy for the ...
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The current study focuses on the problem of determining investment attrаctiveness of countries by means of monitoring regional stock markets. The method of using the permutation entropy as a model of investment attractiveness estimation is suggested. We have calculated the permutation entropy for the time series of stock markets of countries for the period from 2005 to 2018. The countries with high, middle or low income in Europe, Central Asia, East Asia, the Pacific, and North America were selected for the study. The article presents the results of modeling and analysis of dynamic properties of regional stock markets using the permutation entropy. The behavior of the permutation entropy and stock markets is analyzed and conclusions about the possibility of rapid monitoring of the investment attractiveness of countries by classifying the states of the stock markets of these countries are drawn. Particular attention is paid to crisis periods. It has been shown that the permutation entropy rapidly decreases in a universal way in the pre-crisis period, which can serve as an indicator of the precursor for crisis phenomena. Determining the pre-crisis, actual crisis and post-crisis periods will allow the investor to make the right decision on time. The advantages of using the permutation entropy method as a tool for high-frequency monitoring of stock markets and modeling the investment attractiveness of countries are pointed out. The results of determining investment attractiveness in terms of the permutation entropy and ratings of the world countries, compiled by the world-wide rating agencies and literature, are compared.
Environmental Management
R.E. Caraka; Y. Lee; R. Kurniawan; R. Herliansyah; P.A. Kaban; B.I. Nasution; P.U. Gio; R.C. Chen; T. Toharudin; B. Pardamean
Abstract
COVID-19 has a severe and widespread impact, especially in Indonesia. COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 03, 2020 then rapidly spread to all 34 provinces by April 09, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 is declared a state of national disaster and health emergency. This research analyzes ...
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COVID-19 has a severe and widespread impact, especially in Indonesia. COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 03, 2020 then rapidly spread to all 34 provinces by April 09, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 is declared a state of national disaster and health emergency. This research analyzes the difference of CO, HCHO, NO2, and SO2 density in Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, and South Sulawesi before and during the pandemic. Also, this study assesses the effect of large scale restrictions on the economic growth during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. In a nutshell, the results on Wilcoxon and Fisher test by significance level α=5% as well as odds ratio showed that there are significant differences of CO density in all regions with highest odds ratio in East Java (OR=9.07), significant differences of HCHO density in DKI Jakarta, East Java, and South Sulawesi. There are significant differences of NO2 density before and during public activities limitation in DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java, and South Sulawesi. However, the results show that there are no significant differences of SO2 density in all regions. In addition, this research shows that there are significant differences of retail, grocery and pharmacy, and residental mobility before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research also shows that during the COVID-19 pandemic there are severe economic losses, industry, companies, and real disruptions are severe for all levels of life due to large scale restrictions.
Environmental Management
M.H. Masum; S.K. Pal
Abstract
Air pollution has become a serious concern for its potential health hazard, however, often got less attention in developing countries, like Bangladesh. It is expected that worldwide lockdown due to COVID-19 widespread cause reduction in environmental pollution in particularly the air pollution: however, ...
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Air pollution has become a serious concern for its potential health hazard, however, often got less attention in developing countries, like Bangladesh. It is expected that worldwide lockdown due to COVID-19 widespread cause reduction in environmental pollution in particularly the air pollution: however, such changes have been different in different places. In Chittagong, a city scale lockdown came in force on 26 March 2020, a week after when first three cases of COVID-19 have been reported in Bangladesh. This study aims to statistically evaluate the effects of COVID-19 lockdown (26 March to 26 April 2020) on selected air quality pollutants and air quality index s. The daily average concentrations of air pollutants PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2 and CO of Chittagong city during COVID-19 lockdown were statistically evaluated and were compared with dry season data averaging over previous 8 years (2012 to 2019). During lockdown, except NO2, all other pollutants studied showed statistically significant decreasing trend. During the COVID-19 shutdown notable reduction of 40%, 32% and 13% compared to the daily mean concentrations of these previous dry season were seen for PM2.5, PM10 and NO2, respectively. The improvement in air quality index value was found as 26% in comparison to the previous dry season due to less human activities in COVID-19 shutdown. The factor analysis showed that AQI in Chittagong city is largely influenced by PM10 and PM2.5 during COVID-19 shutdown. The lesson learnt in this forced measure of lockdown is not surprising and unexpected. It is rather thought provoking for the decision makers to tradeoff the tangible air quality benefits with ongoing development strategies’ that was often overlooked directly or indirectly.
Environmental Management
S. Kozlovskyi; D. Bilenko; M. Kuzheliev; R. Lavrov; V. Kozlovskyi; H. Mazur; A. Taranych
Abstract
At the end of 2019, the new virus called Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) spread widely from China all over the world. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared a new virus outbreak as “a global pandemic”, and recommended social distancing and quarantine. Most countries in Europe ...
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At the end of 2019, the new virus called Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) spread widely from China all over the world. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared a new virus outbreak as “a global pandemic”, and recommended social distancing and quarantine. Most countries in Europe have been quarantined. The social aspect of this issue is complicated by the fact that Europe nowadays hosts 82 million international migrants. If migrant workers leave the host country, it reduces the Covid-19 spread. Nevertheless, if migrant workers do not return, it will worsen the situation with the economic crisis. The subject of the study is the instrumental and mathematical aspects of impact simulation of labor migrants’ policy on the economic growth of the host country affected by COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the work is to develop the system dynamics model for assessing labor migrants’ policy impact on the economic growth of the host country during COVID-19 pandemic. It examined through hypotheses of different scenarios of labor migrants policy impact on the host country economic growth in Covid-19 pandemic. The proposed model combines epidemiological and the economic growth models and relies upon real statistical data. The analysis was carried out in four European countries. The results of the study enabled to state that without migrant workers the gross domestic product may fall to 43% in Italy, 45% in Netherlands, 37% in Spain and 200% in Switzerland in 2020.
Environmental Management
X. Xie; E.Y. Naminse; S. Liu; Q. Yi
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been identified as the main cause of the outbreak of the respiratory disease in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China in December 2019. Since then, the epidemic has spread rapidly throughout China and many other countries in the world. This study, therefore, examines ...
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been identified as the main cause of the outbreak of the respiratory disease in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China in December 2019. Since then, the epidemic has spread rapidly throughout China and many other countries in the world. This study, therefore, examines the spatiotemporal distribution of the confirmed cases of COVID-19 and its effect on human development in China, and suggested social and non-pharmaceutical preventive interventions to help curb the further spread of the disease. The public open data available from January to February 2020, from the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China and a medical knowledge sharing website were used, and spatial analysis was performed to visualize the spatial distribution pattern of COVID-19 in China. The results showed among others that COVID-19 had entered a dispersed spatial pattern, resulting in increased pressure to control the spread of the disease. In early March, there was a significant reduction in the existing number of cases, and the number of deaths also decreased. At the provincial level, the spatial distribution of the number of cumulative confirmed cases in China was divided into four patterns: Hubei was the initial core region; the eastern provinces adjacent to Hubei formed the second concentrated pattern; the western provinces adjacent to Hubei and the northeastern and southeastern provinces which were separated from Hubei by one province belonged to the third distribution pattern; while the rest of the provinces in the north, south and west showing sporadic distribution patterns formed the fourth. It has been estimated that about 80% of students’ online learning at all schools were not effective due to lack of access to reliable and uninterrupted internet services especially in the rural areas of China.
Environmental Management
W. Corredor-Santamaría; I.C. Calderón-Delgado; Z. Arbeli; J.M. Navas; Y.M. Velasco-Santamaría
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are present in all environmental matrices. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-rich wastewater from the oil industry is discharged into natural water bodies. Detritivorous fish shown the effects of pollutants in water. Biomarkers of effect make ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are present in all environmental matrices. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-rich wastewater from the oil industry is discharged into natural water bodies. Detritivorous fish shown the effects of pollutants in water. Biomarkers of effect make it possible to demonstrate exposure to xenobiotics such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatic and erythrocyte response in Aequidens metae, a detritivorous fish, exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in terms of morphological, biochemical, and genotoxic changes.METHODS: Juveniles of Aequidens metae were exposed to 50 microgram per gram body weight of beta-naphthoflavone, 100 microgram per gram of naphthalene, 50 microgram per gram of phenanthrene and 10 microgram per gram of benzo[a]pyrene, for 72 hours. Water quality variables, total protein content, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity, liver histopathological changes and genotoxic alterations in peripheral blood were measured during the assay.FINDING: In polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-exposed fish, analysis of liver tissue revealed parenchymal lesions and changes in the number and shape of hepatocyte nuclei. On the other hand, only fish exposed to benzo[a]pyrene shown significant increase in the 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity compared to solvent control. In peripheral blood erythrocytes, increased presence of nuclear abnormalities was higher in fish exposed to phenanthrene, followed by benzo[a]pyrene, beta-naphthoflavone, and naphthalene.CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that Aequidens metae is a suitable bioindicator for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons monitoring in aquatic ecosystems. Phenanthrene reveals for the first time a greater genotoxic effect than benzo[a]pyrene at sublethal concentrations. Juveniles of Aequidens metae exposed to concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons close to those found in the environment showed health-compromising damage.
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