Environmental Management
O. Panukhnyk; N. Popadynets; Y. Fedotova
Abstract
The present study investigates the socio-economic nature of the issue of food provision in the consumer market of Ukraine. It is entity content and main macroeconomic functions oriented at production, sales, and consumption of food, undertaken by the state to maintain the ongoing process of social reproduction ...
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The present study investigates the socio-economic nature of the issue of food provision in the consumer market of Ukraine. It is entity content and main macroeconomic functions oriented at production, sales, and consumption of food, undertaken by the state to maintain the ongoing process of social reproduction and security guaranteeing in the country. It is hypothesized that the change in income of the population, Consumer Price Index, total expenditures of households on food and agricultural production per capita have the largest influence on food provision of the consumer market in the country. Based on the system approach the authors suggest their understanding of the factor determinants grouped by certain features, which influence the condition of food provision of the consumer market in the country. Application of factor grouping method contributed to the identification of parameters that show the links of economic factors and the condition of food provision. Correlation-regression analysis allowed revealing and assessing the dependence of the level of main food products’ consumption in the country on the major groups of factor determinants. The assessment of standardized regression coefficients contributed to determining the input of each suggested factor in the condition of food provision of the consumer market. The strong interrelation between socio-economic factors and the volumes of consumption of main food groups by the Ukrainian population, in particular, vegetable and animal products, is found. The results of the conducted analysis confirm that the condition of food provision at consumer market depends on how efficient the mechanisms of macro- and microeconomic regulation of trade and food policy of Ukraine are.
H. Danylchuk; N. Chebanova; N. Reznik; Y. Vitkovskyi
Abstract
The current study focuses on the problem of determining investment attrаctiveness of countries by means of monitoring regional stock markets. The method of using the permutation entropy as a model of investment attractiveness estimation is suggested. We have calculated the permutation entropy for the ...
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The current study focuses on the problem of determining investment attrаctiveness of countries by means of monitoring regional stock markets. The method of using the permutation entropy as a model of investment attractiveness estimation is suggested. We have calculated the permutation entropy for the time series of stock markets of countries for the period from 2005 to 2018. The countries with high, middle or low income in Europe, Central Asia, East Asia, the Pacific, and North America were selected for the study. The article presents the results of modeling and analysis of dynamic properties of regional stock markets using the permutation entropy. The behavior of the permutation entropy and stock markets is analyzed and conclusions about the possibility of rapid monitoring of the investment attractiveness of countries by classifying the states of the stock markets of these countries are drawn. Particular attention is paid to crisis periods. It has been shown that the permutation entropy rapidly decreases in a universal way in the pre-crisis period, which can serve as an indicator of the precursor for crisis phenomena. Determining the pre-crisis, actual crisis and post-crisis periods will allow the investor to make the right decision on time. The advantages of using the permutation entropy method as a tool for high-frequency monitoring of stock markets and modeling the investment attractiveness of countries are pointed out. The results of determining investment attractiveness in terms of the permutation entropy and ratings of the world countries, compiled by the world-wide rating agencies and literature, are compared.
Environmental Engineering
R.E. Caraka; Y. Lee; R. Kurniawan; R. Herliansyah; P.A. Kaban; B.I. Nasution; P.U. Gio; R.C. Chen; T. Toharudin; B. Pardamean
Abstract
COVID-19 has a severe and widespread impact, especially in Indonesia. COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 03, 2020 then rapidly spread to all 34 provinces by April 09, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 is declared a state of national disaster and health emergency. This research analyzes ...
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COVID-19 has a severe and widespread impact, especially in Indonesia. COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 03, 2020 then rapidly spread to all 34 provinces by April 09, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 is declared a state of national disaster and health emergency. This research analyzes the difference of CO, HCHO, NO2, and SO2 density in Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, and South Sulawesi before and during the pandemic. Also, this study assesses the effect of large scale restrictions on the economic growth during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. In a nutshell, the results on Wilcoxon and Fisher test by significance level α=5% as well as odds ratio showed that there are significant differences of CO density in all regions with highest odds ratio in East Java (OR=9.07), significant differences of HCHO density in DKI Jakarta, East Java, and South Sulawesi. There are significant differences of NO2 density before and during public activities limitation in DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java, and South Sulawesi. However, the results show that there are no significant differences of SO2 density in all regions. In addition, this research shows that there are significant differences of retail, grocery and pharmacy, and residental mobility before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research also shows that during the COVID-19 pandemic there are severe economic losses, industry, companies, and real disruptions are severe for all levels of life due to large scale restrictions.
M.H. Masum; S.K. Pal
Abstract
Air pollution has become a serious concern for its potential health hazard, however, often got less attention in developing countries, like Bangladesh. It is expected that worldwide lockdown due to COVID-19 widespread cause reduction in environmental pollution in particularly the air pollution: however, ...
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Air pollution has become a serious concern for its potential health hazard, however, often got less attention in developing countries, like Bangladesh. It is expected that worldwide lockdown due to COVID-19 widespread cause reduction in environmental pollution in particularly the air pollution: however, such changes have been different in different places. In Chittagong, a city scale lockdown came in force on 26 March 2020, a week after when first three cases of COVID-19 have been reported in Bangladesh. This study aims to statistically evaluate the effects of COVID-19 lockdown (26 March to 26 April 2020) on selected air quality pollutants and air quality index s. The daily average concentrations of air pollutants PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2 and CO of Chittagong city during COVID-19 lockdown were statistically evaluated and were compared with dry season data averaging over previous 8 years (2012 to 2019). During lockdown, except NO2, all other pollutants studied showed statistically significant decreasing trend. During the COVID-19 shutdown notable reduction of 40%, 32% and 13% compared to the daily mean concentrations of these previous dry season were seen for PM2.5, PM10 and NO2, respectively. The improvement in air quality index value was found as 26% in comparison to the previous dry season due to less human activities in COVID-19 shutdown. The factor analysis showed that AQI in Chittagong city is largely influenced by PM10 and PM2.5 during COVID-19 shutdown. The lesson learnt in this forced measure of lockdown is not surprising and unexpected. It is rather thought provoking for the decision makers to tradeoff the tangible air quality benefits with ongoing development strategies’ that was often overlooked directly or indirectly.
Environmental Management
S. Kozlovskyi; D. Bilenko; M. Kuzheliev; R. Lavrov; V. Kozlovskyi; H. Mazur; A. Taranych
Abstract
At the end of 2019, the new virus called Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) spread widely from China all over the world. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared a new virus outbreak as “a global pandemic”, and recommended social distancing and quarantine. Most countries in Europe ...
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At the end of 2019, the new virus called Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) spread widely from China all over the world. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared a new virus outbreak as “a global pandemic”, and recommended social distancing and quarantine. Most countries in Europe have been quarantined. The social aspect of this issue is complicated by the fact that Europe nowadays hosts 82 million international migrants. If migrant workers leave the host country, it reduces the Covid-19 spread. Nevertheless, if migrant workers do not return, it will worsen the situation with the economic crisis. The subject of the study is the instrumental and mathematical aspects of impact simulation of labor migrants’ policy on the economic growth of the host country affected by COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the work is to develop the system dynamics model for assessing labor migrants’ policy impact on the economic growth of the host country during COVID-19 pandemic. It examined through hypotheses of different scenarios of labor migrants policy impact on the host country economic growth in Covid-19 pandemic. The proposed model combines epidemiological and the economic growth models and relies upon real statistical data. The analysis was carried out in four European countries. The results of the study enabled to state that without migrant workers the gross domestic product may fall to 43% in Italy, 45% in Netherlands, 37% in Spain and 200% in Switzerland in 2020.
Environmental Management
X. Xie; E.Y. Naminse; S. Liu; Q. Yi
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been identified as the main cause of the outbreak of the respiratory disease in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China in December 2019. Since then, the epidemic has spread rapidly throughout China and many other countries in the world. This study, therefore, examines ...
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been identified as the main cause of the outbreak of the respiratory disease in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China in December 2019. Since then, the epidemic has spread rapidly throughout China and many other countries in the world. This study, therefore, examines the spatiotemporal distribution of the confirmed cases of COVID-19 and its effect on human development in China, and suggested social and non-pharmaceutical preventive interventions to help curb the further spread of the disease. The public open data available from January to February 2020, from the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China and a medical knowledge sharing website were used, and spatial analysis was performed to visualize the spatial distribution pattern of COVID-19 in China. The results showed among others that COVID-19 had entered a dispersed spatial pattern, resulting in increased pressure to control the spread of the disease. In early March, there was a significant reduction in the existing number of cases, and the number of deaths also decreased. At the provincial level, the spatial distribution of the number of cumulative confirmed cases in China was divided into four patterns: Hubei was the initial core region; the eastern provinces adjacent to Hubei formed the second concentrated pattern; the western provinces adjacent to Hubei and the northeastern and southeastern provinces which were separated from Hubei by one province belonged to the third distribution pattern; while the rest of the provinces in the north, south and west showing sporadic distribution patterns formed the fourth. It has been estimated that about 80% of students’ online learning at all schools were not effective due to lack of access to reliable and uninterrupted internet services especially in the rural areas of China.
Environmental Engineering
S.E. Alzghoul; O.A. Smadi; T. Almomani; M.B. Alzghoul; O.M. Al-Bataineh
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:During the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, an effective and efficient medical waste management plan is required to prevent disease transmission from the Coronavirus disease 2019 viral solid wastes. Screening stations are critical locations where solid Coronavirus disease ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:During the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, an effective and efficient medical waste management plan is required to prevent disease transmission from the Coronavirus disease 2019 viral solid wastes. Screening stations are critical locations where solid Coronavirus disease 2019 wastes are created. Solid trash collection and management strategies for screening stations must be studied as they are the first point of origin for solid Coronavirus disease 2019 wastes. The goal of this study is to evaluate the level of healthcare workers' knowledge in the medical waste management field in Jordanian Coronavirus disease 2019 screening stations, with an emphasis on understanding and implementing Jordanian medical waste management protocols, by examining the awareness, perspective, and practice about the many aspects of Coronavirus disease 2019 wastes.METHODS: A study sample (n = 78) involving technicians, nurses, and physicians working at various screening stations in Jordan's public and private sectors was evaluated. From April 2021 to September 2021, a cross-sectional survey involving questionnaires was carried out. The survey included questions on medical waste management knowledge and awareness among healthcare personnel regarding the Coronavirus 2019 medical waste administrative and collection procedures. There are various limitations to this cross-sectional study that should be noted. This is a study conducted among health care employees when an overwhelming amount of coronavirus disease cases were being recorded locally and worldwide, affecting transportation ability and minimizing time spent with screening station personnel.FINDINGS: The outcomes of the first module of the questionnaire revealed a high degree of medical waste management knowledge and awareness among healthcare staff. On the other hand, nurses demonstrated the highest awareness and application of COVID-19 medical waste administrative procedures. Furthermore, the results of the third module revealed that the private sector fails to successfully execute national and international procedures, with the most significant negative responses among other categories.CONCLUSION: It was concluded that Jordan's solid waste collection and disposal methods were effectively implemented, which might aid in the virus eradication. Even though most Jordanian screening stations have effectively implemented knowledge and awareness regarding solid Coronavirus disease 2019 wastes management practices, there is a need to undertake periodic training and continuous monitoring with a specific focus on the appropriate administrative and collecting processes for both technicians, and private sector stations.
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