Environmental Engineering
M.K. Rosyidy; E. Frimawaty
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Oil palm is one of the crops that has an essential role in Indonesia's engineering field. This condition has led to oil palm plantation intensification, which has been extensive to deforestation in Indonesia, including Jambi province. The main aim of this investigation is to ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Oil palm is one of the crops that has an essential role in Indonesia's engineering field. This condition has led to oil palm plantation intensification, which has been extensive to deforestation in Indonesia, including Jambi province. The main aim of this investigation is to evaluate deforestation and land change affected by oil palm expansion conducted by smallholders, which influences environmental change using remote sensing combined with a geographic information system approach. This study utilizes the change of oil Palm in spatial-temporal (spatial and temporal) in Jambi province related to land change and environmental impacts.METHODS: This research uses data from Landsat 8 satellite imagery. The land cover classification was done using the Maximum Likelihood approach, while the overlay method was used for land change analysis. Accuracy assessment of classification results uses a confusion matrix taking into account overall accuracy and Kappa Hat. Within the field observation, the validation class is the oil palm class, using documentation and plotting using the global positioning system, and other classes are validated using the Region of Interest collected through Google Earth. This research uses Aviation Reconnaissance Coverage Geographic Information System 10.1 software to transform the categorization results into vector data. FINDINGS: This study shows that the landcover classification results have high accuracy. This study shows that the area of oil palm land from 2015 to 2019 has increased along with a decrease in land used, such as forests and others. The area of oil palm land 2014 was 2,071,345 hectares, while the area in 2019 was 2,110,545 hectares. In other words, there was an increase in land cover due to land clearing and deforestation, namely 39.2 thousand hectares. The built-up area has also increased in the last five years, namely 165,358 hectares. The number of oil palm plantations tends to be greater in relatively plain areas compared to areas with relatively high altitudes and steep slopes. Small farmers'''' area of oil palm land increased by 1,000 hectares in 2014-2018. The most significant increase occurred in 2016-2017, around 38,889 hectares.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that using Landsat 8 imagery combined with GIS approaches provides the optimal method for an in-depth analysis of land cover changes related to oil palm expansion and land clearing that occur on a broader spatial scale and temporal in Jambi Province. This study shows that smallholder oil palm plantations in the Jambi region play an important role in increasing deforestation in Jambi Province, especially in Indonesia. This study is expected to serve as a valuable resource for informing policy decisions aimed at addressing the issue of deforestation resulting from the prospective increase of oil palm crops in the forthcoming period.
Environmental Management
E. Frimawaty; A. Ilmika; N. A. Sakina; J. Mustabi
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Farmer characteristics are recognized in this study. The characteristics, perceptions, willingness to adopt climate change mitigation, and awareness of livestock farmers toward livestock waste management are the main points for determining appropriate climate mitigation rules.METHODS: ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Farmer characteristics are recognized in this study. The characteristics, perceptions, willingness to adopt climate change mitigation, and awareness of livestock farmers toward livestock waste management are the main points for determining appropriate climate mitigation rules.METHODS: This study was conducted in Enrekang and Barru Regencies of South Sulawesi. International Business Machines - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 27 was used for this study. In descriptive statistics, data were compiled, and the age, long husbandry experiences (year), number of family member, number of farming assistant, gender, education, farmer group participation status, side job, type of business, cattle ownership status, number of cattle (head), and weight total of cattle’s manure (kilogram per day) were examined qualitatively. A chi-square test was used to compare the experimental results (perception and knowledge of livestock manure management) with practical livestock manure management.FINDING: This study found that the average age of farmers in the study area is 45 and 11.2 percent received have high formal education level from a university. Most of the cattle are male at 86.7 percent. Poor manure management system at 76.30 percent manure un-managed and un-appropriate farmer groups with more than 60 percent of the farmers un-joined farmer’s group. Almost 50 percent of the cattle farmers are willing to learn manure management. Nevertheless, this study found that the respondents’ knowledge and practical manure management, as well as the respondents’ knowledge (0.837) and perception (0.343) of practical manure management, do not have any significant connection.CONCLUSION: This study determines the full condition of cattle farmers in Barru and Enrekang Regencies. Barriers include low level of education, age of farmers, lack of manure management, and lack of willingness to join farmers group. Nevertheless, drivers, such as willingness to adopt manure management and high levels of experience in cattle farming, were also found. Enriching the knowledge and perception of farmers is essential in managing livestock wastes to mitigateof climate change.
Environmental Engineering
H. Herdiansyah; E. Frimawaty
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: From August to October 2019, several provinces in Sumatra and Kalimantan had faced severe forest fires, causing thousands of citizens to suffer respiratory disorders. This study aims to assess waste handling in palm oil plantation manage by smallholders and the correlation ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: From August to October 2019, several provinces in Sumatra and Kalimantan had faced severe forest fires, causing thousands of citizens to suffer respiratory disorders. This study aims to assess waste handling in palm oil plantation manage by smallholders and the correlation palm oil plantation waste handling with the fireland in Sumatera, especially on Jambi province.METHODS: Primary data collection was conducted in September 2019, and a purposive random sampling method was used to select respondents. Primary data collection was applied for four hundred smallholders in five districts in Jambi using a mixed method. FINDINGS: Out of 400 correspondents that handle their waste, 50% of respondents handle the residues by stacking the waste on their field, 25% of correspondents stack the waste between trees, 17.25% of correspondents stack the waste on piles, 5% of them bury the posts, and 2.75% incinerate the waste. The average distance from home to the field for 200 correspondents is 8.825 kilometres, and they have the highest harvest quantity with a mean of 1.0940 tons. Most of them are common smallholders and self-subsistent smallholders. The 298 correspondents join a farming association. About 50% of smallholders in Jambi handle the residues by stacking the wastes on their field instead of incinerating the waste. CONCLUSION: Out of the overall samples collected in this study, only 2.75% smallholders in Jambi incinerate their residues. Hence, the fire breakouts happened on several provinces in Sumatera and Kalimantan in late 2019 did not happen due to crude palm oil waste-handling activities.
