Document Type : CASE STUDY

Authors

Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, P.O.Box 14155-6135, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

One of the most paramount processes that play a considerable role in reducing the concentration of heavy metals during estuarine mixing is flocculation. Not only does such a process cause a huge percentage of metals to come into the particulate phase, but also it provides ample nutrients for the aquatic life. In the present study, impact of such factors as salinity, pH and DO on flocculation of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cd and Mn throughout mixing of Chaluse River with Caspian Sea is investigated. The trend of flocculation of Pb (24.32%) < Zn (24.38%) < Cd (40.00%) < Cu (64.71%) < Ni (68.00%) < Mn (76.47%) reveals that among the studied elements Mn and lead experience minimum and maximum flocculation at diverse salinity regimes, respectively. Moreover, flocculation rate of studied metals fluctuates between 24.32 and 76.47 percent.  It is interesting to note that much of metal flocculation occurs at the very lower (less than 2 ppt) salinity regimes.

Keywords

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Biati, A.; Moattar, F.; Karbassi, A. R.; Hassani, A. H., (2010b). Role of saline water in removal of heavy elements from industrial wastewaters.. Int. J. Environ. Res.,. 4 (1), 169-176
Boyle, E. A.; Edmond, J. M.; Sholkovitz, E. R., (1977). The mechanism of Fe removal in estuaries.. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 41 (9), 1313-1324
Chenar, SH. SH.; Karbassi, A. R.; Zaker, N. H.; Ghazban, F., (2013). Electroflocculation of Metals during Estuarine Mixing (Caspian Sea).. J. Coast. Res.,. , 1-8 Coman, R. N.; Van Dijk, C. P. J., (1988). Role of complexation processes in cadmium mobilization during estuarine mixing.. Nature,. 336 (6195), 151-154
Currier, D. R.; Small, K. J., (2005). Macrobenthic community responses to long-term environmental change in an east Australian sub-tropical estuary Estuar.. Coast. Shelfs.,. 63 (1-2), 315-331
Davis, J.B., (1973). Statistic and data analysis in geology. Wiley., New York.. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.. , 456-473
Dobson, M.; Frid, C., (1998). Ecology of aquatic systems.. Longman..
Eckert, J. M.; Sholkovitz, E. R., (1976). The flocculation of Fe, Al and humates from river water by electrolytes.. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta,. 40 (7), 847-856 Fazelzadeh, M.; Karbassi, A.R.; Mehrdadi, N., (2012). An Investigation on the Role of Flocculation Processes in Geo- Chemical and Biological Cycle of Estuary (Case Study: Gorganrood River).. Int. J. Environ. Res.,. 6 (2), 391-398
Fox, L.E.; Wofsy, S.C., (1983). Kinetics of removal of iron colloids from estuaries.. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta.,. 47, 211-216

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