Feasibility of cattle urine as nutrient medium for the microalgal biomass production

Suresh, A.; Tamilvanan, S.; Harini, K.; Seventhi, H.V.; Deepan Guna, R.; Mahalakshmi, R.; Suriyapriya, S.; Sharmila, D.; Thenmozhi, M.

doi:10.22034/GJESM.2019.04.04

Document Type : SHORT COMMUNICATION

Authors

¹ Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, India

² Department of Biotechnology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa-16417, Ethiopia

https://doi.org/10.22034/GJESM.2019.04.04

Abstract

Thenutrient medium used for the cultivation of microalgae adds more cost to its value-added product as well as the commercial scale application. Therefore in this study, focused feasibility of cattle urine as a cheap source of nutrients for microalgal growth, because, it contains various minerals and economical which may support the growth of microalgae and reduce the medium cost. To check this, fresh cattle urine was collected, characterized, diluted and inoculated microalgae species Oscillatoria-SRA (Stagnant rainwater algae), Oscillatoria-CWA (Cooum waste algae), Chlorella and Synecocystis separately and incubated under fluorescent light with 8 hours light and 16 hours dark cycle. The biomass was quantified after 15 days and found out variation in biomass quantity in all microalgae isolates. The maximum of 2.6 g/L biomass was produced in Chlorella sp., at 10% urine, followed by Synechocystis sp., (2.25 g/L in 10% urine), Oscillatoria sp.,-SRA (1.3 g/L in 5% urine) and Oscillatoria sp.,-CWA (0.3 g/L in 1% urine). Moreover, lipid quantity was shown at the maximum of 12% dry weight in Oscillatoria sp-SRA., trailed by the 10% in Chlorella sp., 7% in Synecocystis sp., and the least of 5% in Oscillatoria sp-CWA. This study divulged that cattle urine alone is being able to support microalgae growth at a significant amount, thus convalescing industrial production of microalgae ultimately will reduce the cost of microalgal value-added products.

Graphical Abstract

Highlights

Chemical nutrients used for growing microalgae add more cost to its production, while cheaply available cattle urine contains a rich source of nutrients;
10 % of cattle urine produced 2.6 g/L Chlorella sp., and 2.25 g/L Synecocystis sp.;
Microalgae produced in cattle urine observed 12% lipid in Oscillatoria sp.;
Cattle urine alone can support microalgae growth, thus convalescing commercial production.

Keywords

References

Adamsson, M., (2000). Potential use of human urine by greenhouse culturing of microalgae (Scenedesmus acuminatus), zooplankton (Daphnia magna) and tomatoes (Lycopersicon). Ecol. Eng., 16: 243–254 (12 pages).

Bilal, M.; Rasheed, T.; Ahmed, I.; Igbal, H.M.N., (2017). High-value compounds from microalgae with industrial exploitability - A review. Front. Biosci., 1(9): 319-342 (24 pages).

Canter, C.E.; Blowers, P.; Handler, R.M.; Shonnard, D.R., (2015). Implications of widespread algal biofuels production on macronutrient fertilizer supplies: Nutrient demand and evaluation of potential alternate nutrient sources. Appl. Energy.143:71–80 (10 pages).

Chang, Y.; Wu, Z.; Bian, L.; Feng, D.; Leung, D.Y.C., (2013). Cultivation of Spirulina platensis for biomass production and nutrient removal from synthetic human urine. Appl. Energy., 102: 427–431 (5 pages).

Chisti, Y., (2008). Biodiesel from microalgae beats bioethanol. Trends Biotechnol.,26:126-131 (6 pages).

Dawson, C.J.; Hilton, J., (2011). Fertilizer availability in a resource-limited world: Production and recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus. Food Policy. 36:S14–S22 (9 pages).

De Oliveira, N.L.C.; Puiatti, M.; Santos, R.H.S.; Cecon, P.R.; Rodrigues, P.H.R., (2009). Soil and leaf fertilization of lettuce crop with cattle urine. Horticultura Brasileira., 27(4): 431-437 (7 pages).

Alexandratos, N.; Bruinsma, J., (2012). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), World agriculture towards 2030/2050., (154 pages).

FAO, (2015). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World fertilizer trends and outlook to 2018. (66 pages).

Global cattle population, (2018). Number of cattle worldwide from 2012 to 2019.

He, P.J.; Mao, B.; Shen, C.M.; Shao, L.M.; Lee, D.J.; Chang, J.S., (2013). Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris on wastewater containing high levels of ammonia for biodiesel production. Bioresour. Technol., 129:177-181 (5 pages).

Hilton, J.; Dawson, C., (2012). Enhancing management of and value from phosphate resources. Waste Res. Manage., 165:179–189 (11 pages).

Jaatinen, S.; Lakaniemi, A.M.; Rintala, J., (2016). Use of diluted urine for cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris. Environ. Technol., 37(9):1159-1170 (12 pages).

Jandaik, S.; Thakur, P.; Kumar, V., (2015). Efficacy of cow urine as plant growth enhancer and antifungal agent. Adv. Agric., Article ID 620368 (7 pages).

Ledgard, S.F.; Steele, K.W.; Saunders, W.H.M., (1982). Effects of cattle urine and its major constituents on pasture properties. New Zealand J. Agric. Res., 25(1): 61-68 (8 pages).

Lun, F.D.; Cheng., (2006). Culture of Spirulina platensis in human urine for biomass production and O₂ evolution. J. Zhejiang Univ. Science- B., 7(1):34-37 (4 pages).

Misselbrook, T.; Fleming, H.; Camp, V.; Umstatter, C.; Duthie, C.A.; Nicoll, L.; Waterhouse, T., (2016). Automated monitoring of urination events from grazing cattle. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 230:191–198 (8 pages).

Sayadi, M.H.; Ahmadpour, N.; Fallahi Capoorchali, M.; & Rezaei, M.R., (2016). Removal of nitrate and phosphate from aqueous solutions by microalgae: An experimental study. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage., 2(4):357-364 (8 pages).

Sharma, N.; Rai, M.P., (2015). Cattle urine increases lipid content in Chlorella pyrenoidosa: A low cost medium for bioenergy application, Iranica J. Energy Environ., 6(4):334-339 (6 pages).

Shepherd, M.; Shorten, P.; Costall, D.; Macdonald, K.A., (2017). Evaluation of urine excretion from dairy cattles under two farm systems using urine sensors. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.,236:285–294 (10 pages).

Singh, S.N.; Maurya, K.K.; Singh, G.P., (2018). Effect of cattle urine (Gomutra) as a source of nitrogen on growth yield and nitrogen uptake in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int. J. Microbiol. Res., 10(3):1035-1037 (3 pages).

Suresh, A.; Mahalakshmi, R.; Suriyapriya, S.; Harini, K.; Sevanthi, H.V.; Deepan Guna, R.; Sharmila, D., (2018). Phycoremediation of Cooum wastewater as nutrient source for microalgal biomass production. J. Algal Biomass Utln., 9(4):42-47 (6 pages).

Suresh, A.; Seo, C.; Chang, H.N; Kim, Y.C., (2013). Improved volatile fatty acid and biomethane production from lipid removed microalgal residue (LRμAR) through pretreatment. Bioresour. Technol., 149:590-594 (5 pages).

Torres, L.G.; Martínez, M.J.; García, D.; Fernández, L.C., (2014). Three microalgae strains culture using human urine and light. J. Chem. Biol. Phys. Sci., 4(5):74-80 (7 pages).

Tuantet, K.; Temmink, H.; Zeeman, G.; Janssen, M.; Wijffels, R.H.; Buisman, C.J.N., (2014). Nutrient removal and microalgal biomass production on urine in a short light-path photobioreactor. Water Res.,55:162-174 (13 pages).

Zhang, S.; Lim, C.Y.; Chen, C.L.; Liu, H.; Wang, J.Y., (2014). Urban nutrient recovery from fresh human urine through cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana. J. Environ. Manage., 145:129e136 (8 pages).

Letters to Editor

GJESM Journal welcomes letters to the editor for the post-publication discussions and corrections which allows debate post publication on its site, through the Letters to Editor. Letters pertaining to manuscript published in GJESM should be sent to the editorial office of GJESM within three months of either online publication or before printed publication, except for critiques of original research. Following points are to be considering before sending the letters (comments) to the editor.

[1] Letters that include statements of statistics, facts, research, or theories should include appropriate references, although more than three are discouraged.
[2] Letters that are personal attacks on an author rather than thoughtful criticism of the author’s ideas will not be considered for publication.
[3] Letters can be no more than 300 words in length.
[4] Letter writers should include a statement at the beginning of the letter stating that it is being submitted either for publication or not.
[5] Anonymous letters will not be considered.
[6] Letter writers must include their city and state of residence or work.
[7] Letters will be edited for clarity and length.

Name *

Email Address *

Affiliation *

Comments *

Security Code *

Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management

Feasibility of cattle urine as nutrient medium for the microalgal biomass production

References

References

Letters to Editor

Send comment about this article

Volume 5, Issue 4 - Serial Number 20
October 2019
Pages 441-448

Feasibility of cattle urine as nutrient medium for the microalgal biomass production

References

References

Letters to Editor

Send comment about this article

Volume 5, Issue 4 - Serial Number 20October 2019Pages 441-448

Volume 5, Issue 4 - Serial Number 20
October 2019
Pages 441-448