Document Type : REVIEW PAPER

Authors

Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

Abstract

The expensive nature of metal ions detoxification from wastewater have restricted the use of conventional treatment technologies. Cheap, alternative measures have been adopted to eliminate metal contamination, and adsorptions using agricultural adsorbents seem to be the way forward. The use of agricultural adsorbents for cadmium (II), copper (II) and lead (II) ion removal has gained more interest in literature due to the level of contamination in water bodies. This review shed lights on the removal proficiency of various low–cost agricultural adsorbent for the elimination of cadmium (II), copper (II) and lead (II) ions, considering performance, surface modification, equilibrium adsorptive studies, kinetic characteristics, coefficient of correlation (R2) and reuse. Furthermore, these agricultural adsorbents have displayed better performance when rivaled with commercial/conventional adsorbent. Observations from different adsorptive capacities presented owe their performance to surface area improvement/modification, pH of the adsorbent, ionic potential of the solution, initial concentration and elemental component of the adsorbent. However, gaps have been identified to improve applicability, sorption performance, economic viability, optimization, and commercialization of suitable agricultural adsorbents.

Graphical Abstract

Potentiality of agricultural adsorbent for the sequestering of metal ions from wastewater

Highlights

  • Low–cost adsorbents are economically viable for metal removal
  • Removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) is given consideration
  • Temperature, pH, Contact time, dosage are factors affecting adsorption
  • Improvement of adsorptive characteristics needs attention

Keywords

Main Subjects

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